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Oil Paintings
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An option that you can own an 100% hand-painted oil painting from our talent artists. |
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Italian High Renaissance Painter, 1483-1520
Italian painter and architect. As a member of Perugino's workshop, he established his mastery by 17 and began receiving important commissions. In 1504 he moved to Florence, where he executed many of his famous Madonnas; his unity of composition and suppression of inessentials is evident in The Madonna of the Goldfinch (c. 1506). Though influenced by Leonardo da Vinci's chiaroscuro and sfumato, his figure types were his own creation, with round, gentle faces that reveal human sentiments raised to a sublime serenity. In 1508 he was summoned to Rome to decorate a suite of papal chambers in the Vatican. The frescoes in the Stanza della Segnatura are probably his greatest work; the most famous, The School of Athens (1510 C 11), is a complex and magnificently ordered allegory of secular knowledge showing Greek philosophers in an architectural setting. The Madonnas he painted in Rome show him turning away from his earlier work's serenity to emphasize movement and grandeur, partly under Michelangelo's High Renaissance influence. The Sistine Madonna (1513) shows the richness of colour and new boldness of compositional invention typical of his Roman period. He became the most important portraitist in Rome, designed 10 large tapestries to hang in the Sistine Chapel, designed a church and a chapel, assumed the direction of work on St. Peter's Basilica at the death of Donato Bramante, |
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Fire in the Borgo
1514 Fresco Stanza dell'Incendio di Borgo, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The group in the left foreground, for example (made up of an old man on the shoulders of a young man, and a child), may be drawn from the episode of the Aeneid in which Aeneas escapes with his father, Anchises and his son, Ascanius. The nude descending from the wall at left recalls the heroic figures of Michelangelo.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Fire in the Borgo (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Fire in the Borgo
1514 Fresco Stanza dell'Incendio di Borgo, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The figures in the foreground are desperately trying to put out the fire.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Fire in the Borgo (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple
1511-12 Fresco Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican Raphael's depiction of the Pope Julius II in the fresco is as penetrating as the London portrait of Julius. According to Vasari, the reason Raphael was so well-liked was probably because he portrayed so many people at the papal court to their satisfaction in these frescoes.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple
1511-12 Fresco, width of detail: 230 cm Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican In the centre, the expanse of the wide nave, illuminated by the reflections of light in the vault, is a more effective space-determining motif than the large patches of blue sky which appeared through the coffered ceiling in the School of Athens.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Philosophy
1509-11 Fresco, diameter 180 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The woman enthroned is enveloped in a garment that has four colours, each of which represents one of the four elements, which in turn are symbolized by their pattern. Blue is for the stars (air), red is for the tongues of flame (fire), green is for the fish (water), and golden brown is for the flora (earth). Philosophy holds two books with the titles "Morals" and "Nature," while two genii hold texts with Cicero's words Causarum Cognitio (Know the Causes). This picture is situated above The School of Athens.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Philosophy (ceiling tondo) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Poetry
1509-11 Fresco, diameter 180 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The lyre and the laurel wreath are the symbols of Poetry, who here appears as a winged figure. Like Aristotle in The School of Athens, she is holding a book in an unusual way; the title is not known. Two putti are holding the tablets on which are written the words of the Roman poet Virgil's, "Numine Afflatur" (Inspired by the Spirit). The Christian "spirit" is meant here, since putti are holding the text and not genii, as with the figure of Philosophy.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Poetry (ceiling tondo) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Theology
1509-11 Fresco, diameter 180 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican Theology's veil is white, her cloak green, and her dress red, the colours of the theological Virtues (Faith, Hope, and Charity). She is holding a book in her left hand and is pointing with her right hand at the fresco of the Disputa below. Two putti are holding blue tablets with the golden inscriptions Divinar, Rer and Notitia ("Knowledge of Divine Things").Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Theology (ceiling tondo) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Justice
1509-11 Fresco, diameter 180 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The personification of Justice is holding, as her symbols, weighing scales and a sword. Her eyes are directed at the fresco below, The Virtues, in which Fortitude, Wisdom, and Temperance are portrayed in the form of three women. Taken together, all four personifications represent the Cardinal Virtues. Justice's prominent position is explained by the fact that Justice was said by Plato to play a decisive role among the virtues. Two putti are holding the inscription with the words of Emperor Justinian, "She gives Justice to all."Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Justice (ceiling tondo) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Battle of Ostia
1514-15 Fresco, width at base 770 cm Stanza dell'Incendio di Borgo, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican In AD 849 the Arab fleet attacked the papal forces, but was destroyed by a storm. On the left, Leo IV, in the figure of Leo X, can be seen giving thanks. The scene is probably a reference to Leo's intentions to mount a crusade against the Turks. The fresco is the work of workshop assistants.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Battle of Ostia Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Mass at Bolsena
1512 Fresco, width of detail: 141 cm Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican As the priest raises the Host, two devotees lean over the semicircular screen which forms the background of the scene. This is a further attempt by Raphael to represent figures in a more dynamic way.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Mass at Bolsena (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Mass at Bolsena
1512 Fresco Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican Julius II had founded the Swiss Guard as a military elite in May 1510, and granted them the distinction of their own costume. The Guard had played a vital role in a victory over French forces, who had occupied parts of the Papal State. The pope was probably bestowing an honour on them for that loyal service by letting Raphael portray some of their important representatives in the fresco, thus giving them pride of place in his audience chamber.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Mass at Bolsena (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Prime Mover
1509-11 Fresco, 120 x 105 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The figure bending in a beautiful scorcio over the celestial globe is a masterly example of perspective. Philosophically, this figure can be seen as an allegory of the beginning of the universe, but it might also be an embodiment of the science of astronomy. The constellation on the globe can be calculated exactly: the night of 31 October 1503, the date that Julius II was elected pope.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Prime Mover (ceiling panel) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Apollo and Marsyas
1509-11 Fresco, 120 x 105 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The shepherd Marsyas had challenged the god Apollo to a musical contest. Marsyas lost and as a punishment for daring to challenge a god he was flayed alive. The scene is an allegory of divine harmony triumphing over earthly passion. With its unrhythmical composition and its elongated figures, this scene is probably by an unknown hand, and not by Raphael.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Apollo and Marsyas (ceiling panel) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : mythological
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Judgment of Solomon
1510-11 Fresco, 120 x 105 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The story from the Old Testament tells how two women came to Solomon to settle a dispute about which one was the mother of a child. When Solomon ordered the baby to be cut in half, one of the women agreed to give up the child. Solomon recognized her as the true mother. The man holding the sword derives from a classical figure, either Castor or Pollux from the Quirinal, an ancient Roman palace.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Judgment of Solomon (ceiling panel) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Adam and Eve
1509-11 Fresco, 120 x 105 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican This portrayal of the Fall is generally attributed to Raphael. Standing in a distinct contrapposto pose, Eve recalls the figure of Leda in a study by Leonardo da Vinci - Raphael made a drawing of this while he was in Florence.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Adam and Eve (ceiling panel) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Liberation of St Peter
1514 Fresco, width at base 660 cm Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The story in the New Testament says that King Herod took Peter prisoner and intended to have him killed. In prison the Apostle was chained to two guards, but an angel of the Lord freed him despite the close watch. The fresco is dated 1514 on two painted tablets in the picture. The composition of this fresco clearly reflects the order and unity of the Mass of Bolsena. But the story is broken down into three distinct episodes, taken from the Acts of the Apostles. The first shows the dismay of the guards; the second the appearance of the Angel of Freedom in the saint's cell; the third, the bewildered Peter led by the hand of the divine messenger. The barred cell is on an upper level (like the altar in the Mass) and is reached by steps to the left and right. A group of agitated figures occupies the stairway at the left. Here, a soldier - whose armor reflects the light of the moon asks his sleepy and bewildered comrades what is going on. At right, the angel leads the stunned and still-sleepy St Peter past another sleeping guard. Here, for the first time, Raphael attempts a "night effect", using both the natural light of the moon and the autonomous light of the angel. Raphael's assistants played a greater role in painting the Eliodoro cycle than in the Stanza della Segnatura. This is clearly a consequence of the growing number of commissions which the Romans granted to Raphael. The hand of Giulio Romano, one of his most faithful pupils, is visible in the episode showing the Liberation of St Peter. This painting is the last fresco that can be attributed to Raphael with any certainty. The large cycles which follow (except for the Sibyls of Santa Maria della Pace) were entrusted mainly to assistants.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Liberation of St Peter Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Liberation of St Peter
1514 Fresco, width of detail: 235 cm Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The story in this fresco is broken down into three distinct episodes, taken from the Acts of the Apostles. The second (in the centre) shows the appearance of the Angel of Freedom in the saint's cell.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Liberation of St Peter (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Vision of the Cross
1520-24 Fresco Stanza di Constantino, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The view of the "Tomb-pyramid of Romulus", which is no longer there, and the so-called Citadel of Sant'Angelo together with the bridge of Sant'Angelo, is an example of Raphael's interest in ancient Rome. The view Raphael has chosen more or less matches the view he had of Rome in 1520 from his Vatican loggie, which are located right behind the wall painted with the fresco. The Citadel of Sant'Angelo appears to be Raphael's reconstruction of the original ancient building, the erstwhile Hadrian Mausoleum, as it might have looked in the days of Emperor Constantine. By depicting this view of ancient Rome, Raphael is suggesting to anyone viewing that fresco that Constantine experienced his vision in the precise place where the Vatican State is now located. By this means Raphael was able to confirm in a very subtle manner, that the Popes had established themselves in Rome - more specifically - in the Vatican.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Vision of the Cross (detail) Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : historical
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
The Cardinal Virtues
1511 Fresco, width at the base 660 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The lunette above the scenes Justinian Presenting the Pandects to Trebonianus (left) and Gregory IX Approving the Decretals (right) represents the Cardinal Virtues. Fortitude can be recognized by her attribute, the lion; Wisdom, who has two faces, by her mirror; and Temperance by the reins. Fortitude is holding an oak branch, a reference to the pope's family name, Rovere, meaning "oak."Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: The Cardinal Virtues Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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RAFFAELLO Sanzio
Ceiling
1513-14 Fresco Stanza di Eliodoro, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican The four great paintings on the ceiling show scenes from the Old Testament, the theme being God's intervention at a critical moment in Man's destiny: Moses and the Burning Bush is above the fresco The Expulsion of Heliodorus; Isaac's Sacrifice of his Son is above The Mass at Bolsena; Noah's Dream is above The Meeting between Leo the Great and Attila; and Jacob's Ladder is above The Liberation of St Peter.Artist:RAFFAELLO Sanzio Title: Ceiling Painted in 1501-1550 , Italian - - painting : religious
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| RAFFAELLO Sanzio
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Italian High Renaissance Painter, 1483-1520
Italian painter and architect. As a member of Perugino's workshop, he established his mastery by 17 and began receiving important commissions. In 1504 he moved to Florence, where he executed many of his famous Madonnas; his unity of composition and suppression of inessentials is evident in The Madonna of the Goldfinch (c. 1506). Though influenced by Leonardo da Vinci's chiaroscuro and sfumato, his figure types were his own creation, with round, gentle faces that reveal human sentiments raised to a sublime serenity. In 1508 he was summoned to Rome to decorate a suite of papal chambers in the Vatican. The frescoes in the Stanza della Segnatura are probably his greatest work; the most famous, The School of Athens (1510 C 11), is a complex and magnificently ordered allegory of secular knowledge showing Greek philosophers in an architectural setting. The Madonnas he painted in Rome show him turning away from his earlier work's serenity to emphasize movement and grandeur, partly under Michelangelo's High Renaissance influence. The Sistine Madonna (1513) shows the richness of colour and new boldness of compositional invention typical of his Roman period. He became the most important portraitist in Rome, designed 10 large tapestries to hang in the Sistine Chapel, designed a church and a chapel, assumed the direction of work on St. Peter's Basilica at the death of Donato Bramante,
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